The Perl string with the file path was originally read from a UTF-8 text file and is internally flagged as UTF-8.
So you say you have decoded text (aka a string of Unicode Code Points) which is stored using the UTF=8 internal storage format?
However, the string I get back is always flagged as "native/raw bytes".
Perl is free to pick whatever internal storage format it wants.
That said, I can't reproduce your claim. substr returns a string using the UTF8=1 format if that's the storage format used by the input string.
$ perl -e'
use Devel::Peek qw( Dump );
my $s = "a\N{U+2660}";
Dump($s);
my $ss = substr($s, 0, 1);
Dump($ss);
'
SV = PV(0x7fffd3496ca0) at 0x7fffd34c5a88
REFCNT = 1
FLAGS = (POK,IsCOW,pPOK,UTF8)
PV = 0x7fffd34c33a0 "a\342\231\240"\0 [UTF8 "a\x{2660}"]
CUR = 4
LEN = 10
COW_REFCNT = 1
SV = PV(0x7fffd3496d30) at 0x7fffd34c5ad0
REFCNT = 1
FLAGS = (POK,pPOK,UTF8)
PV = 0x7fffd34ad050 "a"\0 [UTF8 "a"]
CUR = 1
LEN = 10
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