Watchout, (s)printf does the rounding itself, it doesn't truncate!

printf "%.3f => %.2f\n", 1.023, 1.023;
printf "%.3f => %.2f\n", 1.026, 1.026;

#prints
1.023 => 1.02
1.026 => 1.03
[download]

printf "%.5f => %.2f\n", 1.025, 1.025;

# prints instead of the correct 1.03
1.025 => 1.02
[download]

-- Hofmator

Hmm... not so sure that is buggy. I think a fairly common usage of round is for numbers that end in with 5 in the last place is to round to the even number. Wierd but true.

No I don't have a reference, so that is just my recollection.

Scott

Actually, round to even would be correct for numbers ending in .5
But in this case, 1.025 really is closer to 1.02
printf "%.20f => %.2f\n", 1.025, 1.025;

Actually, round to even would be correct for numbers ending in .5

This is new to me, up to now I always rounded .5 up. But you seem to be right, e.g. Mathematica rounds in that way. The reason for this is that the rounding should not give a statistical bias - as far as I understand it.

But in this case, 1.025 really is closer to 1.02 printf "%.20f => %.2f\n", 1.025, 1.025;

# this prints
1.02499999999999990000 => 1.02
[download]

D'oh, well, been tripped up again by floating point number representations (tye explains that very nicely here in this thread) ...

What is interesting is the following example where the rounding towards the nearest even number (0) does not take place - and the 0.5 can be represented exactly as a float (as merlyn pointed out somewhere else in this node):

printf "%.20f => %.0f", 0.5, 0.5;

# prints
0.50000000000000000000 => 1
[download]

-- Hofmator

From the sprintf manual:

f,F  The  double  argument  is  rounded and 
converted to decimal notation in the style -ddd.ddd, 
where the number  of digits after the decimal-point 
character is equal to the precision  specification.  

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
print `cat $0`;
for $i (1..10){
	my $num = 0;
	for(1..9800*$i){
		$num += 0.0001/$i;
	}
	print "$num = ";
	$num = sprintf("%.4f", $num);
	print "$num\n";
}
0.979999999999908 = 0.9800
0.9799999999999 = 0.9800
0.979999999999902 = 0.9800
0.980000000000962 = 0.9800
0.980000000000699 = 0.9800
0.979999999999897 = 0.9800
0.980000000000605 = 0.9800
0.979999999999383 = 0.9800
0.979999999998648 = 0.9800
0.979999999998175 = 0.9800