You may need something like this UNTESTED:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

my @header = qw( English History Maths Science Geography );

my %studentlist;
while ( <> ) {
    my ( $name, @subinfo ) = split;
    @{ $studentlist{ $name } }{ @header } = @subinfo;
}

foreach my $student ( keys %studentlist ) {
    print " $student fails in :", join( ' ', grep $studentlist{ $stude
+nt }{ $_ } <= 50, @header ), "\n";
}
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