Hmmm, foreach, map, and reduce seem to be ideas that are too good to be left out from Javascript, as I found out lately. https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Global_Objects/Array has all the details. Unfortunately, those features require JS 1.6 or even 1.8, despite naming 1.5 in the URL. The 1.5 in the URL is not completely wrong, as the site gives copy-and-paste-able replacement implementations in Javascript 1.5, so you can also use the methods in older browsers.

foreach was camelCased to forEach, Perl's grep is named filter. There is also a reduceRight method that works from right to left.

The calling conventions pass the current element, the index into the array, and the array object itself to the callback. While one could construct examples where the extra parameters could be useful, I think this "tastes" bad: No callback should need to access (and modify) the original array while iterating over the array. No callback should need to know the current index into the array. If it does, you are probably reinventing push, pop, shift, unshift, or splice.

The new methods allow specifying a different object for this inside the callback, which can be useful sometimes. If you don't specify an object, the array object is used.

Someone also recognised that map could be useful outside array contexts and constructed this piece of code. It just hurts my eyes.

var a = Array.prototype.map.call("Hello World", function(x) { return x
+.charCodeAt(0); })
// a now equals [72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 32, 87, 111, 114, 108, 100]
[download]

(Source: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Global_Objects/Array/map)

This code works "by accident", because Array.prototype.map can iterate over everything that behaves like an array, not only over real Arrays. The call method available on all Function objects allows to call a method of one object with this set to another object (the first argument passed to call). In this case, this is set to an instance of a String object, over which the Array.prototype.map method iterates.

Alexander