Your problem is that you're mixing up hashes (%hash) with hash references ( { key => value }) -- note the braces.
Replace the braces with parens and it should work:
my %hash = ('perl' => 1 , 'C' => 0) ;
This produces a flat list, not a hashref, which is exactly what assignment to a hash wants.
Alternatively you could use a hashref (= a scalar pointing to a hash) everywhere:
my $hash = {'perl' => 1 , 'C' => 0} ;
foreach my $key(sort keys %$hash)
{
print "$key : $hash->{$key} \n" ;
}
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