You use my $xpm two times, I think one of that lines should be commented out.

In different to the createBitmap method you do not need to put a @ in front of the image name when using createImage, if I understand "Mastering Perl/TK" the right way.

Perhaps try one of the built in bitmaps first, to be shure to have no problems with the bitmap file, e.g. my $xpm = $drawing->createBitmap(0, 0, -bitmap  => 'info');.

In case of the createImage method, you have to use an object created with the Photo or Bitmap methods.

I tested a little bit and ending with this, perhaps it is a source for an idea for you:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

use Tk;

my $mw = new MainWindow;
$mw->geometry('600x600+110+110');

my $drawing = $mw->Canvas(
    -width      => 500,
    -height     => 500,
    -background => 'white',
)->pack();


my $xpm = <<'END';
/* XPM */
static char *test[]={
"32 32 11 1",
". c None",
"# c #000000",
"h c #004000",
"g c #004040",
"f c #404000",
"e c #808080",
"i c #a0a0a4",
"c c #c0c000",
"d c #ffff00",
"b c #ffffc0",
"a c #ffffff",
"................................",
"................................",
"................................",
"................................",
".............#....###...........",
"............#a##.#aba##.........",
"...........#aaaa#aaaaaa##.......",
"..........#aaaa#aaaaaaaba##.....",
".........#aaaa#aaaaaaaaaaab##...",
"........#aaba#aaaaaaabaabaaaa##.",
".......#aaba#baaaaa#baaaaaabaaa#",
"......#aaaa#aaaaab#a##baaaaaaa#.",
".....#aaba#aacbba#aaaa##baaab#..",
"....#bbaa#abaacc#aaaaaaa##aa#...",
"...#bbbb#aaabaa#aaabaaaaaa##....",
"..#bbbb#bacaaa#aaaaaaaabaaaa##..",
".#bbbb#bbaacc#aacaaaaaaaaaaaba#.",
"#ddbb#bbbbba#aaaaccaaaaaaaaaaaa#",
"#edddfgcbbbfaacaaaaccaaaaaaaaa#e",
".#hedddfhcfabaaccaaabccaaaaaa#e.",
"...##edddhaacbbaaccbaaaccaab#i..",
".....##e#baaaccabaaccbaabaa#i...",
"......##bacbaabccbaaaccabb#e....",
"......#bbbbccaabbccaaaaab#i.....",
".....#bbbbbbbccabbaccaab#i......",
".....#ebbbbbbbbccbaabba#i.......",
"......##ebbbbbbbbccaabhe........",
"........##ebbbbbbbbbb#e.........",
"..........##ibbbbbbbhe..........",
"............##ebbbb#e...........",
"..............#hee#i............",
"................##i............."};
END

my $bitmap = $mw->Pixmap(-data => $xpm);
$drawing->createImage(100, 100, -image  => $bitmap); 

MainLoop();
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#!/usr/bin/perl
use Tk;

my $mw = MainWindow->new;
$mw->geometry('-5-0');
#$mw->overrideredirect(1);

my @color = qw/red green/;

my $bits = pack("b8"x8,
"...11...",
"..1111..",
".111111.",
"11111111",
"11111111",
".111111.",
"..1111..",
"...11...",);

$mw->DefineBitmap('indicator' => 8,8, $bits);

my $label = $mw->Label(
              -bitmap=>'indicator', 
          -bg=>'black',
          -fg=>'red',
          )->pack;

$mw->repeat(500,sub{$label->configure(
                               -fg=>$color[0]);
                               @color=reverse(@color);
 });

MainLoop;
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#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use Tk;
use Tk::JPEG;

my $file   = "zen16.jpg";
my $mw  = Tk::MainWindow->new;
my $can = $mw->Canvas( -width => 320, -height => 240 )->pack();

# if you are pulling your image from data (inline base64encoded string
# you may need to specify -format
#my $img = $mw->Photo( -data => $data, -format => 'jpeg' );

my $img = $mw->Photo( -file => $file);
$can->createImage( 0, 0, -image => $img, -anchor => 'nw' );

my $red = $can->createRectangle(0, 20, 50, 75, -fill => 'red');

$can->Tk::bind("<Button-1>", [ \&print_xy, Ev('x'), Ev('y') ]);

MainLoop();

sub print_xy {
 # print "@_\n";
  my ($canv, $x, $y) = @_;
  print "(x,y) = ", $canv->canvasx($x), ", ", $canv->canvasy($y), "\n"
+;
  printf "%6.6X\n", $img->get($canv->canvasx($x), $canv->canvasy($y) )
+;
}
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