I personally believe that you don't want to "pass in other arguments to the sorting sub" because the sub is meant to be used sort and sort() itself won't pass anything in. Chances are you want to use closures instead:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use 5.010;

my @trans = ( sub { shift }, sub { ~ shift } );
my @unsorted = qw/foo bar baz/;

for my $tr (@trans) {
    my @sorted = sort { $tr->($a) cmp $tr->($b) } @unsorted;
    say "@sorted";
}

__END__
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