but there is no real ambiguity in the first place, or is there?

Us humans can see the picture and deduce an intent to divide in this example, but it's not easy to write a program to do that. Perl decides when it sees the / whether the / is part of the argument list. Since / can start an argument list, Perl guesses it's part of the argument list. When it detects an error, Perl has no way of knowing if it's because the programmer screwed up the match operator or if it's because it guessed wrong. Of course, you could tell Perl the function takes no arguments.

sub func() { return 8 }
print func / 4;         # 2
[download]

+ and - are also tricky tokens.

sub foo { return 8 }
print foo + 4;          # 8
print foo(+4);          # 8
print foo() + 4;        # 12

sub bar() { return 8 }
print bar + 4;          # 12
print bar() + 4;        # 12
[download]

There are problems with using prototypes, however. You should look into that before using them.

As a programmer, you should know that omitting the parens leads to this type of problem and consider missing parens as the source of problems.

You forgot to put the parentheses on the end of function(). Perl started parsing function( / 4; and failed when it ran out of file while parsing the regular expression  4;. You could also have used a prototype on function but those are pretty much always a bad idea.

You forgot to put the parentheses on the end of function().

No, I didn't.

That's why I wrote "Sure, function can be disambiguated to function()".

My point: If 'function' is known as a function name at this point, perl should be smart enough to throw out the possibility that "function / 4" is a regular expression because that's an insane assumption.

Ok, given that you know perl knows that function is variadic, you know it's going to try to put everything following it into its parameter list. My understanding is that the parser is only able to look ahead one token at a time. The fact that it got two tokens ahead before it found out it couldn't parse things means it just couldn't continue. It isn't capable of backing up from function( / 4; to function() / 4;. You'll just have to provide that information to perl soon enough for the parser to use it. Sorry. Either use the parameter list or set the prototype.

⠤⠤ ⠙⠊⠕⠞⠁⠇⠑⠧⠊

Re prototypes, specifically:

sub function() { 8 }
my $a = f / 4;
[download]

I consider sharing that bit of information a disservice. Prototypes in perl are something to arrive at far into a person's perl experience and generally to skip by. They're good to know about but should almost never be used.

⠤⠤ ⠙⠊⠕⠞⠁⠇⠑⠧⠊

Making parens optional is a mistake in my view, since it obscures what's really going on.

And who wants an obscurantist Perl? ;)