does not compile, since the do does not know anything about the while.

~/perl$ cat x
do {
    charlie;
    last if bob;
    david;
} while (alice);
~/perl$ perl -c x
x syntax OK
~/perl$ perl -v

This is perl, v5.6.1 built for i386-linux
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What is not working, though, is the last. This is because the block introduced with do is neither a loop nor a bare block. Your statement is basically equivalent in structure to print foo while bar.

What you can do instead is a bare block, because you can use next, last, redo on a bare block:

LOOP: {
  charlie;
  last LOOP if bob;
  david;
  redo LOOP if alice;
}
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