I don't think this really has to do with die specifically. For example,

  perl -e 'undef %::; sub{}->()'
[download]

See also bug 32401.

PS. Getting a bit more targeted:

perl -e 'delete $::{"@"}; warn'      ;# crashes
perl -e 'delete $::{"@"}; sub{}->()' ;# doesn't crash

perl -e 'delete $::{"_"}; warn'      ;# doesn't crash
perl -e 'delete $::{"_"}; sub{}->()' ;# crashes
[download]

I suppose that wiping out important global variables oughtn't to be allowed, really.

PPS. Let's see what the p5p hive mind thinks.