use Benchmark; my $size = 100000; my %hash1 = map { $_ => 1 } (0..$size); my %hash2 = map { $_ => 1 } ($size..(2*$size)); my $t0 = new Benchmark; my %combined = (%hash1, %hash2); my $t1 = new Benchmark; print "Combining took:",timestr(timediff($t1, $t0)),"\n"; $t0 = new Benchmark; map { $hash1{$_} = $hash2{$_} } keys %hash2; my $t1 = new Benchmark; print "Map took:",timestr(timediff($t1, $t0)),"\n";