Use of uninitialized value at per2.pl line 5. Use of uninitialized value at per2.pl line 5. Use of uninitialized value at per2.pl line 8. Use of uninitialized value at per2.pl line 8. smith rogers richards #### #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w use strict; my ( @temp, %authors ); @temp = sort map { my @b=split; $b[2]; } `ls -l /directory/pth/here`; foreach ( @temp ) { $authors{$_}=1 if not $authors{$_} and length $_; #I had to add $_ because the other way "$authors{$}=1" gave me an error } print "$_\n" for keys %authors;