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Re: easy way of parsing XML

by BrowserUk (Patriarch)
on Jun 29, 2002 at 17:45 UTC ( [id://178249]=note: print w/replies, xml ) Need Help??


in reply to easy way of parsing XML

This is a little program I wrote to help me A) get to grips with Perl references. B) Understand the stuctures returned by XMLIn.

It may give you a place to start.

#!e:/Perl/bin/Perl.exe -w use strict; use warnings; use XML::Simple; my $file = shift or die <<USAGE; Usage: $0 <xmlfile> [label] [0|1] Where; <xmlfile> is the path/name of the .xml file to parse. [label] is the base of the references as output (default:'\$xml->' +). [0|1] indicate whether to append the contents of the tags. (defaul +t:0 (no)). Parses an XML file using XML::Simple and (if the doc is well-forme +d) outputs the perl references to access the elements of the structur +e, optionally appending the contents of the tags. USAGE my $xml = XMLin( $file, parseropts => [ ErrorContext => 1, ], forcearr +ay => 0, ); sub walk { my ($label, $valuesFlag) = (shift||"xml->", shift||0); my ($output, $tab) = ( "", ". "); foreach my $thing (shift) { if ( ref($thing) eq "HASH" ) { $output .= ( !ref ${$thing}{$_} ) ? "$label\{$_\}" . ( $valuesFlag ? " := ${$thing}{$_}\n" : "\n" ) : walk( $label . "{$_}", $valuesFlag, ${$thing} +{$_} ) foreach ( keys %$thing ); } if ( ref($thing) eq "ARRAY" ) { $output .= ( !ref @{$thing}[$_] ) ? "$label\[$_\] " . ( $valuesFlag ? " := @{$thing}[$_]\n" : "\n" ) : walk( $label . "[$_]", $valuesFlag, @{$thing}[$_ +] ) foreach ( 0.. @{$thing} -1 ); } $output .= " := $thing\n" if ( ref $thing eq "SCALAR" ); } return $output; } (my $label= shift) =~ s/^(.+)+$/$1->/; #print $label . "\n"; print walk $label, shift||0, $xml;
When I run this on your sample XML using the following command line:

xmlrefs.pl C:\test\items.xml "" 1 >itemlist.refs

where items.xml is your sample XML; "" is a place holder for an optional alternative base tag (I know getopt::std/long!); and the "1" indicates I want to see the contents of the tags as well.

Gives the following output.

xml->{Category1} := General xml->{Origin} := Canada xml->{Description} := A wonderful table. xml->{DlrItemNum} := 1 xml->{Category2} := Old Products xml->{Length} := 5.18 xml->{Title} := Table xml->{Width} := 3.56 xml->{Circa} := Early 20th Century xml->{Dimensions} := 3.56 x 5.18m

I find that I tend to use a label (second param) of the form "#xml->" and append the output to the end of my perl script for easy reference. Specifying 0 (or omitting) the 3 parameter so that you don't get the contents of the tags make cut&paste even easier.

Update:Corrected SCALER=>SCALAR spelling. (Here, and in my copy of the prog:).

Replies are listed 'Best First'.
Re: Re: easy way of parsing XML
by grantm (Parson) on Jun 30, 2002 at 08:39 UTC

    XML::Simple tries to provide a simple interface but it does assume a knowledge of Perl references. I recommend perlreftut.

    The most common mistake with XML::Simple is to ignore the advice in the docs about the ForceArray and KeyAttr options. Always set ForceArray => 1 if you're not sure, and setting it to an array of element names is probably the best way.

    I also recommend setting KeyAttr => [] unless you know what you want. In the case of the original XML snippet, KeyAttr =>  'DlrItemNum' might be useful.

    I suspect the line that says if ( ref $thing eq "SCALER" ); will never get executed.

    If you're processing big XML files, XML::SAX might be a good answer. XML::SAX::ByRecord from Barrie Slaymaker's XML::SAX::Machines could be very handy once you have your head around SAX.

    But, XML::Twig is possibly the best answer for simple record oriented processing.

    Edit: Sorry, I typed 'always set ForceArray => 0 ...' when I meant 'ForceArray => 1 ...'

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