#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use Benchmark;
use strict;

package ArgTest;

sub shifty_1arg {
    my $this = shift;
    my $first_arg = shift;
    $$this += $first_arg;
}


sub shifty_3args {
    my $this = shift;
    my $first_arg = shift;
    my $second_arg = shift;
    my $third_arg = shift;

    $$this += $first_arg + $second_arg + $third_arg;
}

sub argumentative_1arg {
    my( $this, $first_arg ) = @_;
    $$this += $first_arg;
}

sub argumentative_3args {
    my( $this, $first_arg, $second_arg, $third_arg ) = @_;
    $$this += $first_arg + $second_arg + $third_arg;
}

sub direct_1arg {
    ${$_[0]} += $_[1];
}

sub direct_3args {
    ${$_[0]} += $_[1] + $_[2] + $_[3];
}

sub value { return ${$_[0]} }

package main;

my $total;
bless( my $object = \$total, 'ArgTest' );

my @args = ( 1 .. 3 );

timethese(
    2_000_000,
    {
        shifty_1arg         =>  
		sub { $object->shifty_1arg( @args ) },
        argumentative_1arg  =>  
		sub { $object->argumentative_1arg( @args ) },
        direct_1arg         =>  
		sub { $object->direct_1arg( @args ) },

        shifty_3args        =>  
		sub { $object->shifty_3args( @args ) },
        argumentative_3args =>  
		sub { $object->argumentative_3args( @args ) },
        direct_3args        =>  
		sub { $object->direct_3args( @args ) },
    }
);

print "total: " . $object->value . "\n";