1..9 = 45 1..99 = SumOfTensDigits + SumOfOnesDigits = 10*1..9 + 10*1..9 = 900 1..999 = SumOfHundredsDigits + SumOfTensAndOnesDigits = 100*1..9 + 10*1..99 = 4500 + 9000 = 13500 1..9999 = 1000*1..9 + 10*1..999 = 45000 + 135000 = 180000 ... 1..'9'x$n = 45, 450+450, 4500 + 4500+4500, 45000 + 3*45000, ... = 4.5*$n*10^$n 1..1e6 = 1..'9'x6 + 1 = 4.5*6*10^6 + 1 = 27e6 + 1 = 27_000_001