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Re^3: Tk::grid -sticky option not stretching frames

by zentara (Archbishop)
on Nov 14, 2018 at 16:32 UTC ( [id://1225805]=note: print w/replies, xml ) Need Help??


in reply to Re^2: Tk::grid -sticky option not stretching frames
in thread Tk::grid -sticky option not stretching frames

Hi, yes, in your particular example, grid is probably easier. Pack is generally preferred because it usually resizes better, but grid is there to use for a good reason, as your example shows. using grid by Lidie explains the basic problems.

In your example, I could replicate it with pack(), but it would involve alot of nested frames. When you move up to more advanced toolkits like Gtk2, Wx, etc. everything is done using packed vbox, hbox and table items. So, I generally give the advice to try and think in terms of using packing and tables.

Also I might add, that Tk::LabFrame is very useful in aligning.


I'm not really a human, but I play one on earth. ..... an animated JAPH

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Re^4: Tk::grid -sticky option not stretching frames
by boleary (Scribe) on Nov 14, 2018 at 20:17 UTC

    I do need to move away from Tk, but I've got so much written. I distribute applications that need to work on Windows and Linux.. will gtk2 and wx work on both? Do you have a prefrence?

    I have a real problem with Tk's performance especially when I add a lot of browsing widgets. I built an 'editor' from an hlist which can have 1000+ entries each with its own browseMenu and it takes forever (20 seconds???) to render... (and browseEntry was WAY slower!) the nytprof tool shows its all in adding those browse widget.

      Hi, personally I prefer Tk over anything, because it is so simple. My next preference is Gtk2, because the documentation is good. Gtk2 is already being replaced by Gtk3 ( and now Gtk4), but 3 and 4 have a drawback in Perl because they use Glib::Object::Introspection to auto-generate the Perl .so file interface, and there are no real good auto-generated docs, as in Gtk2. Gtk2 is still the basic libs for apps like firefox, so it is definitely not obsolete, and will be around as a standard for a long time. Myself, I don't go for Wx, because I find it's syntax too much like C++, but the general wisdom is to use Wx if you want cross-platform apps.

      As far as speeding up Tk goes, I find that the fewer the widgets you use, the faster it will run. That usually brings you down to using 1 widget, the Tk::Canvas. You can make any type of application you want on a Tk::Canvas, and with the proper use of tags, you can make giant programs that will run very fast, principally because there is only the Canvas widget handling all the events. If you want to try making Canvas based widgets, see Tk::CanvasDirTree and Tk-CanvasDirTree which is a simple Canvas app I wrote to show how easy it is to put your own Canvas ideas into your own widget.

      If I was asked to make an app, the first thing I would choose would be the Tk::Canvas, because it gives you full control over all the bindings, is very easy to use, and is fast. There are some drawbacks, like no transparency in colors, and you have to manually make you own text areas and buttons, but once you get the hang of it, it's fairly easy.

      Here is a huge Canvas which takes maybe 15 seconds to build on my computer, but once it is displayed, it is quite responsive. See how it works for you. I have 1000 rows of active areas with 72 elements each, for a total of 72000 active areas, to which you can add all sorts of enter/leave, mouse click bindings, and balloons.

      #!/usr/bin/perl use warnings; use strict; use Tk; # the left side canvas ##### play with this number 1000 to add or reduce canvas size ####### +############ my @chs = (0..1000); # ascending order my $num_channels = scalar @chs; my $mw = new MainWindow(); $mw->geometry("600x400+200+200"); $mw->fontCreate('big', -family=>'arial', -weight=>'bold', -size=>int(-18*18/14)); $mw->fontCreate('medium', -family=>'arial', -weight=>'bold', -size=>int(-12*12/10)); $mw->fontCreate('small', -family=>'arial', -weight=>'normal', -size=>int(-10*10/10)); my $topframe = $mw->Frame(-bg=>'grey45')->pack(); my $infolab = $topframe->Label(-text =>'Some Info', -bg=>'grey45', -fg=>'lightgreen', )->pack(); my $midframe = $mw->Frame(-bg=>'grey45')->pack(); my $midframel = $midframe->Frame(-bg=>'grey45') ->pack(-side=>'left',-expand=>1,-fill=>'y'); my $midframer = $midframe->Frame(-bg=>'grey45') ->pack(-side=>'right'); my $botframe = $mw->Frame(-bg=>'grey45')->pack(); my $canvast = $midframer->Scrolled('Canvas', -bg =>'lightyellow', -width=>2400, -height=>25, -scrollregion=>[-10,0,7250,25], -scrollbars =>'e', -xscrollincrement => 1, ) ->pack(-side=>'top'); my $canvasp = $midframer->Scrolled('Canvas', -bg =>'lightsteelblue', -width=>2400, -height=> 50 * $num_channels, -scrollregion=>[-10,0,7250,(50 * $num_channels)], -scrollbars=>'se', -xscrollincrement => 1, -yscrollincrement => 1, ) ->pack(-side=>'bottom',-fill=>'both'); #need real canvas for binding my $realcan = $canvasp->Subwidget("scrolled"); my $canvasd = $midframel->Canvas( -bg =>'grey45', -width=>75, -height=>25, ) ->pack(-side=>'top'); my $canvass = $midframel->Scrolled('Canvas', -bg =>'lightsteelblue', -width=>75, -height=> 50 * $num_channels, -scrollregion=>[0,0,75,(50 * $num_channels)], -scrollbars =>'s', -yscrollincrement => 1, ) ->pack(-side=>'top'); my $xscroll = $canvasp->Subwidget("xscrollbar"); my $yscroll = $canvasp->Subwidget("yscrollbar"); $xscroll->configure(-troughcolor =>'grey45', -activebackground =>'lightseagreen', -background =>'lightseagreen', -command => \&xscrollit, ); $yscroll->configure(-troughcolor =>'grey45', -activebackground =>'lightseagreen', -background => 'lightseagreen', -command => \&yscrollit, ); #hidden and disabled scrollbars my $xscroll1 = $canvass->Subwidget("xscrollbar"); my $yscroll1 = $canvast->Subwidget("yscrollbar"); $xscroll1->configure(-troughcolor =>'grey45', -activebackground =>'grey45', -background =>'grey45', -highlightcolor =>'grey45', -highlightbackground => 'grey45', -elementborderwidth => 0, -relief => 'flat', ); $yscroll1->configure(-troughcolor =>'grey45', -activebackground =>'grey45', -background =>'grey45', -highlightcolor =>'grey45', -highlightbackground => 'grey45', -elementborderwidth => 0, -relief => 'flat', ); ############################################################## #create timebar and markers for(0..24000){ if( $_ % 100 == 0){ $canvast->createLine($_,0,$_,10); $canvast->createText($_,20,-text=>$_); next; } } =head for(0..7200){ if( $_ % 300 == 0){ my $time = $_ / 300; my $padded = ("0" x (2-length( $time ))).$time; $canvast->createLine($_,0,$_,12,-width=> 4 ); $canvast->createText($_, 20, -text=> "$padded:00" ); }elsif( $_ % 150 == 0){ my $time = ($_ - 150) / 300; my $padded = ("0" x (2-length( $time ))).$time; $canvast->createLine($_,0,$_,10,-width => 2); $canvast->createText($_, 20, -text=> "$padded:30" ); }elsif( $_ % 75 == 0){ $canvast->createLine($_,0,$_,6,-width => 1); } } =cut #--create left side station boxes--------------------------------- #need to store y pixel locations to fill in data in an orderly manner my %slots; #used to hold locations for main data positions foreach my $slotnum (0 .. $num_channels){ my $ch = shift @chs; $slots{$slotnum}{'channel'} = $ch; $slots{$slotnum}{'top'} = 2 + $slotnum * 50; $slots{$slotnum}{'bottom'} = 48 + $slotnum * 50; $slots{$slotnum}{'toptext'} = 15 + $slotnum * 50; $slots{$slotnum}{'midtext'} = 30 + $slotnum * 50; $slots{$slotnum}{'bottext'} = 45 + $slotnum * 50; $canvass->createRectangle(0, 2 + $slotnum * 50, 75, 48 + $slotnum * + 50 , -fill =>'#f4dae4', ); $canvass->createText(38, 15 + $slotnum * 50, -text => $ch , -font => 'big', ); $canvass->createText(38, 35 + $slotnum * 50, -text => $ch , -font => 'medium', -fill => 'blue' ); } ######################################### # now fill in some data foreach my $slotnum (0 .. $num_channels){ for(0..24000){ if( $_ % 100 == 0){ # actually you should do a bbox of the text below # to find the rect boundaries, but I cheat here # and hardwire in a 60 pixel width my $rect = $canvasp->createRectangle($_- 30 ,$slots{$slotnum}{ +'top'} - 2, $_+ 30 ,$slots{$slotnum}{'bottom +'} - 2, -fill =>'#dddddd', -tags => ['rect',$_,$slotnum], ); my $text = $canvasp->createText( $_, $slots{$slotnum}{'midtex +t'}, -text=> $slotnum.'-'.$_, -tags => ['text',$_,$slotnum] ); next; } } } # add some bindings $realcan->bind("rect", "<Enter>", sub { $realcan->itemconfigure("current", -fill => '#ffffff'); + }); # When the mouse is not over, color it grey. $realcan->bind("rect", "<Leave>", sub { $realcan->itemconfigure("current", -fill => '#dddddd'); + }); #get info on left mouse click $realcan->bind('rect',"<1>",sub { my $item = $realcan->find('withtag','current'); my (@tags) = $realcan->gettags($item); print join '-',@tags,"\n"; }); MainLoop; ######### sub xscrollit{ my $fraction = $_[1]; $canvast->xviewMoveto($fraction); $canvasp->xviewMoveto($fraction); } ######################################## sub yscrollit{ my $fraction = $_[1]; $canvass->yviewMoveto($fraction); $canvasp->yviewMoveto($fraction); }

      I'm not really a human, but I play one on earth. ..... an animated JAPH

        that's pretty cool, I will take a look in depth at it... One thing I will try... I will add 1000 OptionMenus to your canvas in place of those rectangles and see how much longer it takes to build :)

        Thanks for all your insight... I have used many of your posts in the past to find solutions to my Tk problems and I really appreciate it.

        Hopefully I'll get to the point where I can provide the same kind of help every now and again

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