my @special_chars = qw( : ; , = - );

my $special_chars_glob_alt =
   "{".( join ",", map quotemeta, @special_chars )."}";

my $corrupt_qfn = ...;

my $glob = 
   $corrupt_qfn =~
      s{
           ( [ ]    )
         | ( [^\w ] )
      }{
         defined( $1 )
         ? $special_chars_glob_alt
         : "\\$2"
      }xegr;

my @possible_qfns = glob( $glob );

say for @possible_qfns;

##</code><code>##

use Algorithm::Loops qw( NestedLoops );

my @special_chars = qw( : ; , = - );

my $corrupt_qfn = ...;

my $iter = NestedLoops([
   map { $_ eq " " ? \@special_chars : [ $_ ] }
      split( /( )/, $corrupt_qfn, -1 )
]);

while ( my @parts = $iter->() ) {
   my $possible_qfn = join( "", @parts );

   say for $possible_qfn;
}