$ldqm = encode 'UTF-8', decode 'Windows-1252', encode 'UTF-8', $ldqm;
$ldqm => 201C
encode 'UTF-8' => E2 80 9C
decode 'Windows-1252' => 00E2 20AC 0153
encode 'UTF-8' => C3 A2 E2 82 AC C5 93
$rdqm = encode 'UTF-8', decode 'Windows-1252', encode 'UTF-8', $rdqm;
$rdqm => 201D
encode 'UTF-8' => E2 80 9D
decode 'Windows-1252' => 00E2 20AC ????
[error handling] => 00E2 20AC FFFD
encode 'UTF-8' => C3 A2 E2 82 AC EF BF BD
Windows-1252 doesn't have a character defined for 9D, so when you decode('Windows-1252', "\x9D"), you do something irreversible. The following all result in C3 A2 E2 82 AC EF BF BD.
- U+2001 EM QUAD
- U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER
- U+200F RIGHT-TO-LEFT MARK
- U+2010 HYPHEN
- U+201D RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK