I am not clear with your inputs because in your previous node you gave [Note] in same line and now in two lines. Any how the below code will work for your above input. It will also match note_values if more than one present in a single line.

use strict;
use warnings;

my $prev = 0;
my $total = 0;

while(my $x = <DATA>){

    $prev = 1 if ($x =~ /^\[Note\]$/);    
    my $count = 0;    
        
    if (($x =~ /note_values/) && $prev){                    
        $count = $x =~ s/(note_values)/$1/g; #if more than one note_va
+lues present in a line    
        $prev = 0;            
    }
    
    $total = $total + $count;    
}

print "Number of occurence: $total";
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