You use my $xpm two times, I think one of that lines should be commented out.

In different to the createBitmap method you do not need to put a @ in front of the image name when using createImage, if I understand "Mastering Perl/TK" the right way.

Perhaps try one of the built in bitmaps first, to be shure to have no problems with the bitmap file, e.g. my $xpm = $drawing->createBitmap(0, 0, -bitmap  => 'info');.

In case of the createImage method, you have to use an object created with the Photo or Bitmap methods.

I tested a little bit and ending with this, perhaps it is a source for an idea for you:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

use Tk;

my $mw = new MainWindow;
$mw->geometry('600x600+110+110');

my $drawing = $mw->Canvas(
    -width      => 500,
    -height     => 500,
    -background => 'white',
)->pack();


my $xpm = <<'END';
/* XPM */
static char *test[]={
"32 32 11 1",
". c None",
"# c #000000",
"h c #004000",
"g c #004040",
"f c #404000",
"e c #808080",
"i c #a0a0a4",
"c c #c0c000",
"d c #ffff00",
"b c #ffffc0",
"a c #ffffff",
"................................",
"................................",
"................................",
"................................",
".............#....###...........",
"............#a##.#aba##.........",
"...........#aaaa#aaaaaa##.......",
"..........#aaaa#aaaaaaaba##.....",
".........#aaaa#aaaaaaaaaaab##...",
"........#aaba#aaaaaaabaabaaaa##.",
".......#aaba#baaaaa#baaaaaabaaa#",
"......#aaaa#aaaaab#a##baaaaaaa#.",
".....#aaba#aacbba#aaaa##baaab#..",
"....#bbaa#abaacc#aaaaaaa##aa#...",
"...#bbbb#aaabaa#aaabaaaaaa##....",
"..#bbbb#bacaaa#aaaaaaaabaaaa##..",
".#bbbb#bbaacc#aacaaaaaaaaaaaba#.",
"#ddbb#bbbbba#aaaaccaaaaaaaaaaaa#",
"#edddfgcbbbfaacaaaaccaaaaaaaaa#e",
".#hedddfhcfabaaccaaabccaaaaaa#e.",
"...##edddhaacbbaaccbaaaccaab#i..",
".....##e#baaaccabaaccbaabaa#i...",
"......##bacbaabccbaaaccabb#e....",
"......#bbbbccaabbccaaaaab#i.....",
".....#bbbbbbbccabbaccaab#i......",
".....#ebbbbbbbbccbaabba#i.......",
"......##ebbbbbbbbccaabhe........",
"........##ebbbbbbbbbb#e.........",
"..........##ibbbbbbbhe..........",
"............##ebbbb#e...........",
"..............#hee#i............",
"................##i............."};
END

my $bitmap = $mw->Pixmap(-data => $xpm);
$drawing->createImage(100, 100, -image  => $bitmap); 

MainLoop();
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