At 1:30am they seem the same to me, but I do know the difference. I will be more clear in my future attempts to get help. Nice example, but it still doesn't answer my last question. And in my original post, I specifically asked which ids are in @data2 and not in @data.

I just need a little more help in understanding how can I do lookups on any value I want instead of every value or just the first value. Please don't think I'm being scarcastic, I'm very frustrated in trying to learn about hashes and arrays. :) Smile on those who read the docs, Perl Cookbook, The Complete Reference to Perl, and even Perl DBI. Yes, I own all three and I'm trying very hard to learn this...phew. Thanks.