in reply to reversing substr
It's not quite clear what you're trying to do, especially since substr does accept a negative offset. What do you mean when you say "that doesn't work"?
If you want the first two characters of the string, try this:
Or, if you want all but the last two characters, try this:my $str = "12345"; my $ss = substr($str, 0, 2); print $ss;
my $str = "12345"; my $ss = substr($str, 0, -2); print $ss;
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