sub text_to_xml {
   my $s = shift;
   $s =~ s/]]>/]]>]]&gt;<![CDATA[/g;
   return "<![CDATA[$xml]]>";
}

##</code><code>##

use HTML::Entities qw( encode_entities );

sub text_to_xml {
    return encode_entities($text, '<&');
}

##</code><code>##

my %lkup = (
    '<' => '&lt;',   # Not required.
    '>' => '&gt;',
    '&' => '&amp;',
    '"' => '&quot;', # Only needed for double-quoted attr vals.
    "'" => '&apos;', # Only needed for single-quoted attr vals.
);

sub text_to_xml {
    my $s = shift;
    $s =~ s/([<&])/$lkup{$1}/g;
    return $s;
}

sub kv_to_attr {
    my ($k, $v) = @_;
    $s =~ s/([<&"])/$lkup{$1}/g;
    return qq{ $k="$v"};
}