my %test; $test{a} = 1; $test{b} = 2; #### something(%test); #### something(a, 1, b, 2); #### %test = (a, 1, b, 2); #### %test = (a => 1, b => 2); #### something(%test); # is like something(a, 1, b, 2); #### my %hash = @_; # is like %hash = (a, 1, b, 2);