Benchmark: running bare, grt, st, each for at least 3 CPU seconds... bare: 3 wclk secs ( 3.02 usr + 0.00 sys = 3.02 CPU) @ 4.63/s (n=14) grt: 4 wclk secs ( 3.15 usr + 0.00 sys = 3.15 CPU) @ 15.54/s (n=49) st: 3 wclk secs ( 3.13 usr + 0.00 sys = 3.13 CPU) @ 10.21/s (n=32) Rate bare st grt bare 4.63/s -- -55% -70% st 10.2/s 120% -- -34% grt 15.5/s 235% 52% -- #### Rate st bare grt st 18009/s -- -21% -49% bare 22661/s 26% -- -36% grt 35616/s 98% 57% -- #### #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use Text::Wrap qw(wrap); use Benchmark qw(cmpthese); my @words = qw( EMBOSOM EMBOWED EMBOWEL EMBOWER EMBRACE EMBROIL EMBROWN EMBRUED EMBRUES EMBRUTE EMBRYON EMBRYOS EMENDED EMENDER EMERALD EMERGED EMERGES EMERIES EMERITA EMERITI EMERODS EMEROID EMERSED EMETICS EMETINE EMETINS EMEUTES EMIGRES EMINENT EMIRATE EMITTED EMITTER EMODINS EMOTERS EMOTING EMOTION EMOTIVE EMPALED EMPALER EMPALES EMPANEL EXFOLIATIONS EXHAUSTIVELY EXHAUSTIVITY EXHIBITIONER EXHILARATING EXHILARATION EXHILARATIVE EXHORTATIONS EXIGUOUSNESS EXOBIOLOGIES EXOBIOLOGIST EXONERATIONS EXONUCLEASES EXOPEPTIDASE EXOPHTHALMIC ); my $test={ st => sub { my @sorted = map { $_->[1] } sort { $a->[0] <=> $b->[0] || $a->[1] cmp $b->[1] } map { [ tr/eE/eE/, $_ ] } @words; }, grt => sub { my @sorted = map { substr($_, 4) } sort map { pack("LA*", tr/eE/eE/, $_) } @words; }, bare => sub { my @sorted = sort { ($a =~ tr/eE/eE/) <=> ($b =~ tr/eE/eE/) || $a cmp $b } @words; } }; foreach my $t (keys %$test) { print "Test '$t'\n",wrap("\t","\t",join(", ",$test->{$t}->())),"\n"; } @words=map { ( $_ x 100 ) x 100 } @words; cmpthese(-3,$test); #### This is perl, v5.6.1 built for MSWin32-x86-multi-thread