my @AoA = (
    ['a', '2003-11-09', 'b'],
    ['c', '2003-11-01', 'd'],
    ['e', '2002-11-01', 'f'],
    ['g', '2003-10-01', 'h'],
    ['g', '2002-10-01', 'h'],
);

my @new_arr = sort {$a->[1] cmp $b->[1]} @AoA;

for (@new_arr) {
    say "@$_";
}

--output:--
g 2002-10-01 h
e 2002-11-01 f
g 2003-10-01 h
c 2003-11-01 d
a 2003-11-09 b